Ultra1Plus: Ready for API SQ and ILSAC GF-7 Standards
API SQ and ILSAC GF-7: The New Global Standard for Modern Engine Oils
The rapid evolution of automotive technology is redefining engine oil performance requirements. Stricter global emissions regulations, downsized and turbocharged gasoline engines, hybrid powertrains, and the ongoing demand for improved fuel economy are driving the development of next-generation engine lubricants.
In response to these challenges, Ultra1Plus™ engine oils are engineered to align with the most advanced international specifications, including API SQ and ILSAC GF-7, ensuring optimal protection for modern gasoline engines.
As of March 31, 2025, the American Petroleum Institute (API) officially launched API SQ, a new gasoline engine oil category that replaces API SP. This specification marks a major advancement in engine protection, fuel efficiency, and emission system compatibility.
What Is API SQ Engine Oil?
API SQ is the latest API service category for gasoline engines, building upon the foundation of API SP while introducing enhanced performance requirements tailored to modern engine technologies. These include turbocharged engines, gasoline direct injection (GDI), and hybrid systems, all of which operate under higher temperatures, pressures, and tighter mechanical tolerances.
API SQ engine oils are formulated to deliver:
- Improved fuel economy through reduced internal friction
- Advanced LSPI (Low-Speed Pre-Ignition) protection
- Superior engine cleanliness and deposit control
- Increased durability and wear protection
- Full compatibility with modern emission control systems
- Compliance with evolving environmental and regulatory standards
Key Differences Between API SQ and API SP
Advanced Low-Viscosity Engine Oil Performance
API SQ supports advanced low-viscosity engine oil formulations designed to reduce hydrodynamic friction while maintaining robust engine protection. These oils improve efficiency, particularly during cold starts, stop-and-go driving, and short-trip operation, where frictional losses are highest.
Improved oil flow and faster lubrication of critical engine components contribute to:
- Better fuel economy
- Reduced engine wear
- Consistent performance across extended oil drain intervals
- Long-term engine durability
This reflects the industry’s shift toward high-efficiency lubrication solutions for modern gasoline engines.
Stricter Sulfated Ash Limits for Emission System Protection
API SQ establishes a maximum sulfated ash limit of 0.9% by mass, helping protect gasoline particulate filters (GPFs) and catalytic converters. Sulfated ash, primarily derived from metallic detergent additives, does not burn during combustion and can accumulate in exhaust aftertreatment systems.
Controlled ash levels help to:
- Prevent GPF clogging
- Maintain optimal exhaust flow
- Reduce harmful emissions
- Extend the service life of emission control components
- Lower long-term maintenance costs
Enhanced API SQ Engine Testing Requirements
To ensure real-world performance, API SQ introduces updated and more demanding engine tests:
- Sequence IIIH Test: Measures high-temperature oxidation resistance and piston deposit control
- Sequence VH Test: Evaluates low-temperature sludge and varnish control
- Sequence VI Test: Quantifies fuel economy improvement through friction reduction
API SQ oils must exceed API SP performance across all test parameters, ensuring superior protection under severe operating conditions.
Why API SQ Matters for Modern Gasoline Engines
Today’s gasoline engines are smaller, more powerful, and more efficient than ever before. Turbocharging and direct injection increase power density but also raise the risk of issues such as LSPI, excessive deposits, and accelerated wear.
API SQ engine oils are specifically designed to:
- Reduce friction and improve fuel efficiency
- Prevent Low-Speed Pre-Ignition (LSPI) in turbocharged engines
- Maintain engine cleanliness over extended oil change intervals
- Provide consistent protection at high temperatures and pressures
API SQ and ILSAC GF-7: Closely Aligned Standards
The introduction of API SQ coincides with the launch of ILSAC GF-7, developed by the International Lubricants Standardization and Approval Committee. While API and ILSAC operate independently, their standards are closely aligned to ensure compatibility across global vehicle platforms.
Both API SQ and ILSAC GF-7 engine oils are backward compatible with vehicles requiring API SP and ILSAC GF-6, ensuring a smooth transition for consumers and service providers.
A key difference is that API SQ includes ultra-low viscosity grades, which are outside the scope of the GF-7 specification.
Key Benefits of ILSAC GF-7 Engine Oils
ILSAC GF-7 introduces additional performance improvements for modern gasoline engines, including:
- Enhanced wear protection and reduced timing chain wear (Sequence X test)
- Advanced LSPI protection validated by the Sequence IX test on aged oil
- Improved piston cleanliness and deposit control (Sequence IIIH test)
- Greater thermal and oxidation stability
- Optimized emission system compatibility through controlled sulfated ash levels
GF-7A vs. GF-7B: Understanding the Difference
ILSAC GF-7 is divided into two subcategories:
- GF-7A: Backward compatible with GF-6A, GF-5, and earlier standards; suitable for most gasoline vehicles on the road today
- GF-7B: Designed for newer engines requiring ultra-low viscosity engine oils
The Future of Engine Oil Technology
As automotive manufacturers continue to pursue higher efficiency and lower emissions, engine oil technology must evolve accordingly. API SQ and ILSAC GF-7 represent the new benchmark for gasoline engine oils, delivering enhanced protection, improved fuel economy, and superior emission system compatibility.
Ultra1Plus™ remains committed to delivering advanced engine oil solutions that meet and exceed these latest standards, helping drivers achieve longer engine life, reduced maintenance costs, improved performance, and a smaller environmental footprint.
Stay connected with Ultra1Plus™ to discover what’s coming next.